Manage Distributed Energy Storage Charging and Discharging Strategy: Models and Algorithms

Abstract

The stable, efficient and low-cost operation of the grid is the basis for the economic development. The amount of power generation and power consumption must be balanced in real time. Traditionally the grid needs to quickly detect the electrical load of users in real time and adjust the power generation to maintain the balance between electrical supply and demand, which brings great cost from the output modulation of the generator set. This article focuses on the distributed battery energy storage systems (BESSs) and the power dispatch between the generators and distributed BESSs to supply electricity and reduce electrical supply costs. The cost analysis of electrical supply from the generators and BESSs is proposed. Then, this article introduces a consensus control algorithm (CCA) to dispatch the power output and track the load in a decentralized manner. A nonuniform CCA (NCCA) is proposed to improve the convergence speed especially when the power of BESSs reach upper/lower bounds. Finally, the case study implemented in a 5-bus system with the real load data of a district in Beijing verifies the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.