Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mammary biopsy procedures on gland function of goats submitted to hormonal lactation. Ten female Caninde goats, at the age of around 3 years, were used, and lactation was induced by using estrogen, progesterone, and prednisolone. Ultrasonographic examinations of mammary gland, milking, and analysis of physicochemical properties of milk were performed immediately before (0 h) and 24, 48, and 72 h after each biopsy procedure. Surgical mammary gland biopsies were obtained at days 5 and 26 of the lactation. Even after drying initiation, all animals produced milk for five months. No abnormalities were observed on the ultrasonographic appearance of biopsied glands. All 20 biopsies were technically successful and any inflammation or infection was associated with biopsy procedures. Regarding the physicochemical properties and volumes of milk produced, no significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed between right and left glands nor in the comparison of the results from time 0 with 24, 48, and 72 h for biopsied teats. The mammary biopsy did not induce neither severe changes in production and physicochemical properties of the milk nor in ultrasonographic appearance of mammary gland of goats in hormonal lactation.
Highlights
There is little information about mammary gland biopsy in goats
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of mammary biopsy procedures on gland function of goats submitted to hormonal lactation
The lactation initiated in a similar period that has alrady been cited for goats[3]
Summary
There is little information about mammary gland biopsy in goats. In spite of its reduced use for the diagnosis of mammary disorders, this procedure may be a tool to study the cellular proliferation and differentiation that occur during lactogenesis and help elucidate these processes. Tissue samples obtained by surgical biopsy technique have been used for histological, histochemical, and ultra-structural studies of lactating mammary glands in goats[1,2]
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