Mamao Pomace Extract Alleviates Hypertension and Oxidative Stress in Nitric Oxide Deficient Rats.

Upa Kukongviriyapan,Orachorn Boonla,Veerapol Kukongviriyapan,Jintana Sripui,Wanida Donpunha,Patchareewan Pannangpetch,Amporn Sae-Eaw

doi:10.3390/nu7085275

Upa Kukongviriyapan, Orachorn Boonla + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7085275

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Journal: Nutrients	Publication Date: Jul 28, 2015
Citations: 57	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Khon Kaen University, Burapha University

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced oxidative stress plays a major role in pathogenesis of hypertension. Antidesma thwaitesianum (local name: Mamao) is a tropical plant distributed in the tropical/subtropical areas of the world, including Thailand. Mamao pomace (MP), a by-product generated from Mamao fruits, contains large amounts of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the antihypertensive and antioxidative effects of MP using hypertensive rats. For this purpose, male Sprague-Dawley rats were given Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), an inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), in drinking water (50 mg/kg) for three weeks. MP extract was orally administered daily at doses of 100 and 300 mg/kg. l-NAME administration induced marked increase in blood pressure, peripheral vascular resistance, and oxidative stress. MP treatment significantly prevented the increase in blood pressure, hindlimb blood flow and hindlimb vascular resistance of l-NAME treated hypertensive rats (p < 0.05). The antihypertensive effect of MP treatment was associated with suppression of superoxide production from carotid strips and also with an increase in eNOS protein expression and nitric oxide bioavailability. The present results provide evidence for the antihypertensive effect of MP and suggest that MP might be useful as a dietary supplement against hypertension.

Highlights

IntroductionEpidemiological studies revealed that consumption of a healthy diet (e.g., fruits, vegetables and whole grains) decreases the risk of cardiovascular diseases [1]
Epidemiological studies revealed that consumption of a healthy diet decreases the risk of cardiovascular diseases [1]
Since oxidative stress is involved in hypertension, antioxidants have a beneficial effect on hypertension [7,8]

Summary

Introduction

Epidemiological studies revealed that consumption of a healthy diet (e.g., fruits, vegetables and whole grains) decreases the risk of cardiovascular diseases [1]. Hypertension is one of the major risk factors of cardiovascular diseases. The incidence of hypertension is increasing worldwide. Previous reports forecast that by 2025, the rate of hypertension will increase by 26.4% to 60%, and will affect approximately 1.56 billion people worldwide [2]. Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension [4]. Vascular endothelial cells play a major role in arterial relaxation. O2 ‚ ́ is a major determinant of NO biosynthesis and bioavailability, and can modify endothelial function. Development of hypertension is closely associated with a decrease in NO bioavailability and an increase in oxidative stress [6]. Since oxidative stress is involved in hypertension, antioxidants have a beneficial effect on hypertension [7,8]

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