Abstract
Introduction: Malnutrition among toddlers can be correlated to family characteristics, access to food and the socio-economic background of the family in rural and urban areas. These situations influence the children’s nutrition status. Objectives: To identify the prevalence of malnutrition and the related factors among toddlers in rural and urban areas based on family characteristics in Aceh Province, Indonesia. Method: A cross-sectional study was performed among 600 households with toddlers in rural and urban areas. A self-administered questionnaire was used to measure family characteristics. The toddlers’ height and weight were measured to identify their nutritional status. Data were analysed using Chi-square. Results: The prevalence of malnutrition among toddlers was higher in urban areas than in rural areas with underweight (59.7% vs. 40.3%), stunting (51.0% vs. 49.0%), and wasting (52.3% vs. 47.7%). There were no differences between underweight and stunting problems in urban and rural areas (p> 0.05). However, there were differences between wasting in urban and rural areas, related to mothers’ education (p= 0.031) and mothers’ occupation (p= 0.014) Conclusions: Mothers’ education and the mothers’ job status were significantly different regarding their effect on the child’s wasted status in rural and urban areas (p Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health, 2020; 49(3): 263-268
Highlights
Malnutrition among toddlers can be correlated to family characteristics, access to food and the socio-economic background of the family in rural and urban areas
The prevalence of malnutrition among toddlers was higher in urban areas than in rural areas with underweight (59.7% vs. 40.3%), stunting (51.0% vs. 49.0%), and wasting (52.3% vs. 47.7%)
There were no differences between underweight and stunting problems in urban and rural areas (p> 0.05)
Summary
Malnutrition among toddlers can be correlated to family characteristics, access to food and the socio-economic background of the family in rural and urban areas. These situations influence the children’s nutrition status. Whilst the child mortality in Indonesia has fallen sharply, the millennium development goal (MDG) was not reached in 2015. This may have an impact on human development 20301,2. According to Amosu et al[5], nutritional problems influenced several interacting factors such as poverty, education, food availability in household and low family income. Mpora et al[9], showed that there are differences in nutritional status between rural areas and urban areas, According to Labada et al[10] the number of family members has an impact on nutritional status, as much as 26.8%
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