Malignant neoplasm of the bronchi and lung: Russian clinical guidelines

Abstract

Lung cancer has the highest morbidity rate among all malignant tumors in men and the highest mortality rate in men and women in Russia. In total, 49 145 new cases of lung cancer were registered (diagnosed) in Russia in 2019. The majority of cases are related to exogenic carcinogens and mainly tobacco smoke. For several decades surgical resection with preoperative cytotoxic therapy was an optimal approach for maximal cure rate. This year recommendations were updated with new strategies including adjuvant anti-PD-L1 atezolizumab following completion of chemotherapy in PD-L1 positive patients and osimertinib for EGFR mutated cases. For this moment available data suggest the increase in disease free survival. Strategic approach to treatment for inoperable patients varies according to the status of driver mutations. New approach includes pretreatment option of testing for a wide spectrum of alterations with NGS based panels. Significant changes were incorporated into treatment of ALK mutated NSCLC with two new options of brigatinib for TKI naive patients and lorlatinib for those who progress on second generation drugs. Treatment strategy for patients without activating mutations is based on PD-L1 status. Tsis year recommendations included atezolizumab as a new monotherapy option for patients with high depression of PD-L1. Also treatment options for pembrolizumab, nivolumab and atezolizimab were widened with prolonged treatment schedules.