Malignant Neoplasm of Large and Round Cells in an HIV Positive Patient

Abstract

A 51-year-old man, diagnosed in February 2017 with retroviral infection, attended the stomatology clinic, complaining of discomfort in the right retromolar region and altered hearing. He had been hospitalized for 2 weeks with fever, epigastralgia, odynophagia, and diarrhea, and was using ART (zidovudine + lamivudine + dolutegravir). An intraoral physical examination revealed an exophytic, leukoplastic lesion with yellowish areas in the ascending mandibular ramus region, extending to the maxillary tuberosity. An incisional biopsy was performed and revealed fragments of malignant neoplasm, characterized by invasion, in the form of sheets and islands, of neoplastic cells exhibiting hyperchromatism, cellular and nuclear pleomorphism, evident nucleoli, typical and atypical mitoses, clear and vesicular cytoplasm within the stroma of connective tissue, with neural, muscular, and vascular invasion. The histopathological diagnosis was malignant neoplasm of large and round cells, and the patient was referred to the service for treatment of cancer.