Abstract
Objective: To identify the overall survival and prognostic factors of malignant lymphoma of the oral cavity and the maxillofacial region. Study Design: Clinical records data were obtained in order to determine overall survival at 2 and 5 years, the individual survival percentage of each possible prognostic factor with the actuarial technique, and the survival regarding the possible prognostic factors with the actuarial technique and the Log-rank and Cox’s regression tests. Results: Of 151 subjects, an overall survival was 60% at 2 years, and 45% at 5 years. The multivariate analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences for clinical stage (p=0.002), extranodal involvement (p=0.030), presence of human immunodeficiency virus (p=0.032), and presence of Epstein-Barr virus (p=0.010). Conclusion: The advanced clinical stage and the larger number of involved extranodular sites are related to a lower overall survival, as well as, the presence of previous infections such as the human immunodeficiency and the Epstein-Barr virus. Key words:Lymphoma, oral cavity, survival.
Highlights
Malignant tumors of the oral cavity are infrequent, representing only 5% of all those occurring in the human body
When comparing the value obtained at 5 years, overall survival (OS) was much lower than the rate of 73% found by Rowley et al [24] for Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) and 65% for non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) extranodal found by Economopoulos et al [25] Perhaps, this is due to fact that both studies were carried out in the head and the neck with a greater probability of cervical node level involvement
In the present report there was a better OS in lymphomas located in the salivary glands, this could be related to the fact that in these cases the neoplasm tends to be more localized (65% at 5 years, in comparison with the locations in maxillary bones, palatine tonsil, soft tissues of oral cavity and maxillary sinus, which presented OS at 5 years of 55%, 42%, 39% and 30%, respectively)
Summary
Malignant tumors of the oral cavity are infrequent, representing only 5% of all those occurring in the human body. Among malignant tumors of the oral cavity, squamous cell carcinomas are the most frequent type (90 to 98%), and malignant lymphomas are the most outstanding among the remaining 2 to 10% These lymphomas are neoplasms characterized by the clonal proliferation e619. In the oral cavity NHL corresponds to its extranodal presentation [8] and can occur in the soft tissues or bones. The International Prognostic Index (IPI) is the most widely used [21], and it incorporates several parameters that have been developed and validated in order to provide relevant prognostic information These parameters are [22]: age ≥ 60 years old, clinical stage (III or IV), the number of extranodal site involvement of > 1 site, performance status ≥ 2 and elevated serum concentration of Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH). Since dental surgeons play an important role in the early detection of e620
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