Male reproductive health at risk: Examining the impact of coronaviruses on fertility and potential sexual transmission of sars-CoV-2

Abstract

Since 2002, we have observed three significant crises caused by the coronavirus, which primarily causes lung disease. These crises include diseases like respiratory syndrome with extreme acuteness i.e. SARS-CoV, and Coronavirus respiratory syndrome in the Middle East i.e. MERS*CoV, and the most recent 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). to ascertain whether the pandemic SARS*CoV-2 is spreading quickly, which is thought to have been brought on by COVID-19, is sexually transmitted. The coronavirus 2 that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome enters cells via the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and Angiotensine-Converting-Enzyme-2 as well as Transmembrane-Serine-Protease-2 (TMPRSS2). Clinical research demonstrates that the COVID-19 action of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the high Enzyme-2 which convert angiotensin expression of the male reproductive system make them unsafe for male reproductive health. Even a few samples from male coronavirus patients demonstrate the effects, such as decreased spermatogenesis. Recent findings of SARS-CoV-2 shedding in sperm, sexual transmission, and the security of prolificacy therapies during the epidemic have renewed debate over potential male reproductive system infections, SARS-CoV-2 shedding into sperm, and sexual transmission. Regarding its presence in the testis or the semen, nevertheless, findings are dubious. This review paper was created with the intention of evaluating the research on (i) the impact of already identified coronaviruses detected in humans on male infertility, (ii) factors associated with male infertility, and (iii) The SARS-CoV-2 effect's mechanism.