MALDI-TOF MS-Based Analysis of Seed Proteins from Catalogue Varieties of Solanum lycopersicum/Lycopersicon esculentum

Michael Reeve

doi:10.3390/horticulturae5030048

Abstract

Matrix-assisted laser-desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF MS) is a flexible technique for the analysis of protein-containing biological samples. Simple and inexpensive methods have previously been developed for MALDI-TOF MS sample preparation that are able to discriminate between Impatiens species that are closely related and also between regional biotypes of the invasive weed Impatiens glandulifera (Himalayan balsam) with leaf material and also seed material. The current article investigates whether MALDI-TOF MS, through acid-soluble protein ‘fingerprinting’, can be used to analyze plant seeds that result from intensive commercial plant-breeding activity. As an initial proof-of-concept study, tomato seeds from eleven seed-catalogue varieties (F1 Pink Baby Plum, F1 Fantasio, F1 Lizzano, F1 Sungold, F1 Tumbler, Faworyt, Golden Sunrise, Hundreds and Thousands, Indigo Rose, Moneymaker, and Red Alert), listed as Solanum lycopersicum or under the synonym Lycopersicon esculentum were analyzed using MALDI-TOF MS. Whilst peak-rich and highly-reproducible spectra were obtained, with very high Bruker comparison scores and low MALDI-TOF MS variance, sample-preparation variance, and seed-to-seed variance, the spectral differences between varieties were only slightly greater than the above combined variances, indicating very close similarity between all eleven varieties studied. These results are discussed in comparison with those previously observed with the naturally-evolving invasive species I. glandulifera.

Highlights

IntroductionMatrix-assisted laser-desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy
Matrix-assisted laser-desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOFMS) is well established as a laboratory technique for analyzing protein-containing samples, with the notable advantage that it is both rapid and inexpensive in terms of reagent usage and the time required for sample processing
The majority of MALDI-TOF MS sample-preparation methods developed to date that are based upon acid-soluble protein ‘fingerprinting’ [3,5,6,7] result from activities directed towards human clinical microbiology, the diagnosis of bacterial and yeast infections [4]

Summary

Introduction

Matrix-assisted laser-desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy MS) is well established as a laboratory technique for analyzing protein-containing samples, with the notable advantage that it is both rapid and inexpensive in terms of reagent usage and the time required for sample processing. In MALDI-TOF MS, the MALDI soft-ionization process [1]. The mass spectrum of a subset of the proteome (normally the highly expressed acid-soluble proteins [4]) is frequently employed for the identification and/or characterization of materials of interest. The majority of MALDI-TOF MS sample-preparation methods developed to date that are based upon acid-soluble protein ‘fingerprinting’ [3,5,6,7] result from activities directed towards human clinical microbiology, the diagnosis of bacterial and yeast infections [4]. Many of the above methods are not, well-suited to work with plant materials [8] and so Reeve et al have

Methods

Results

Conclusion