Abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the awareness on spirituality programs among youth in Malaysia. In Islam, spirituality is defined as the presence of a relationship with Allah that affects the individual’s self-worth, sense of meaning, and connectedness with others and nature. It has significant effect for health, positive development of a person’s sense of self and for enabling identity to frame the individual’s pursuit of a life path eventuating in idealized adulthood. The lack of spirituality may leads to social problems such as loitering, racers, bohsia, bohjan, club servers (GRO), alcohol consumption, and drug abuse. To minimize these problems, the government as well as the private sectors manage to setup various programs and activities in order to develop and improve spirituality among youth. Hence, awareness on these programs is imperative. Use of press media, incorporation in mainstream education (basic, secondary and tertiary), celebrities’ participation in spirituality programs are some of the ways by which spirituality programs and activities can be heralded. Using a survey of 4703 youth in Malaysia, this study aims to examine the awareness of youth in Malaysia towards the existence of spirituality program for youth. The paper concluded with recommendations of ways of sensitizing youth on the need to be spirituality conscious.
Highlights
The World Health Organization (WHO) had developed internal air quality (IAQ) guidelines for dampness and management of mould in indoor building environment (WHO, 2009)
This paper focusing on the analysis of factors that contributes to the mould growth in an indoor library environment
The sites were surveyed with the following criteria: (a) The collection of library building characterization data based on direct inspection and interviews with library officers; (b) The library characterization including measurement of temperature and humidity, lighting and air conditioning systems; (c) Physical examination of the building and inspection of sites that has been wetted or showed mould growth; and (d) Mould sampling and analysis
Summary
The World Health Organization (WHO) had developed internal air quality (IAQ) guidelines for dampness and management of mould in indoor building environment (WHO, 2009). The water content and moisture in materials can support mould growth. It is important to eliminate the source of water in an indoor library environment. The remediation and action should be carried out immediately when the sign of dampness appear in the building. It will cause mould growth and increased the risk of exposure to dampness appear in the building. It will cause mould growth and increased the risk of exposure to the microbial flora, airborne spores and volatile toxin (Singh, 1999). This paper focusing on the analysis of factors that contributes to the mould growth in an indoor library environment. The variable parameters of mould growth that had been discussed in the earlier research progress paper will be analysed further in this paper
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