Malaysia dalam Arus Feminisme Global: Pembangunan Wanita dan Hubungan Antarabangsa Malaysia

Abstract

Feminism is a discourse and movement that aims to change the gender imbalance in a patriarchal society. Feminism has proliferated, covering four mainstreams and evolving 'from the bottom up'. The dynamics, focus, and struggle that start from the community up to the international level show the inclusive involvement of state and non-state actors. Using Feminism approaches in Politics and International Relations, this paper explains how the dynamics of women's development in Malaysia have become part of contemporary global feminism. When the UN celebrated International Women's Day in 1975, Malaysia played an active international role in the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). It established a local agency, the National Advisory Council on the Integration of Women in Development (NACIWID). The paper is divided into three major parts. First, interactions between feminism and International Relations will be explored. Second, because of gendering politics, the framework of women in development (WID), women and development (WAD), as well as gender and development (GAD) have become a benchmark for explaining women's emancipation in policy formulation. Finally, the study also applies the model in Malaysia. Arguably Malaysia's earliest roles and international activism explain the inclusion of Malaysia's lessons in transnational feminism and the country's contribution to women's development despite the prevalent patriarchal attributes.