Abstract
Rich and diverse mollusc assemblages occur in Upper Holocene sand and mud developed near Korytnica in the southern margin of the Œwietokrzyskie Mts. Four profiles of these sediments have been found in the valley of a small stream, ca. 1–1.5 km W of the village centre. Three types of assemblages can be distinguished. The first, occurring in alluvial deposits forming the lower terrace of the stream, has a considerable proportion of land snails, especially woodland species. The second corresponds with the development of a small fish-pond, in existence since the 19th c. till World War II, and is dominated by water molluscs. The third malacocenosis is associated with the last phase of filling, overgrowing and drainage of the fish-pond. Open-country, mesophile and higrophile species are its main components. The succession of mollusc assemblages indicates changes of palaeogeographic conditions during the last phase of the Holocene controlled mainly by human impact.
Highlights
The studied area is situated ca. 20 km N of Piñczów, in the northern part of the Nida Basin, between the villages Korytnica and Karsy (Fig. 1)
Upper Holocene sediments abounding with mollusc shells have been found in the mid part of the valley of a small stream between the villages Korytnica and Karsy
Five groups have been distinguished in the malacological spectra of specimens (MSI): shade-loving snails, open-country species, mesophile snails living in both shady and open habitats of varied humidity, higrophile taxa inhabiting wet meadows as well as swamps and marshes, and water molluscs
Summary
The studied area is situated ca. 20 km N of Piñczów, in the northern part of the Nida Basin, between the villages Korytnica and Karsy (Fig. 1). Upper Holocene sediments abounding with mollusc shells have been found in the mid part of the valley of a small stream between the villages Korytnica and Karsy. Profiles Kt-II, Kt-III and Kt-IV are developed as grey and dark mud, representing sediments filling up the pond, underlain by yellow sand forming the lower terrace of the stream and covered by recent soil. The thickness of these deposits varies from 1.0 m (Kt-II) to 1.5 m (Kt-III and Kt-IV) (Figs 2 Pr, 3 Pr)
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