Abstract
a process called zoonotic spillover. There are many hurdles a virus must get over to leap species to species, including finding a way to unlock receptors on the new host’s cell surfaces and learning how to replicate itself in those cells without alerting the host’s immune system. Scientists are working to better understand the molecular steps that viruses take to overcome these barriers. They hope to integrate that information with ecological surveillance of emerging zoonotic viruses to spot pathogens that could trigger a new outbreak. In 2016, just as the worst in history was dying down in west Africa, researchers from a US government-funded pandemic-surveillance program called sampled bats in the hardest hit region in search of , the virus responsible for the outbreak. They were looking for animal hosts from which the epidemic had sprung. Although they didn’t manage to do that, they found something else: a new species
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