Abstract
Making of free cutting austenitic stainless steels with additions of sulfur, rare earth and bismuth were investigated through comparing to the metallurgical properties and machinabilitys. The results have shown that free-machining additives exhibit the characteristic shape of spindle shaped sulphides and rounded, globular shaped inclusions. The cutting forces of free cutting austenitic stainless steel were lower than those of an austenite stainless steel 1Cr-18Ni-9Ti at three cutting speeds. The machinability of austenitic stainless steel was visibly improved by adding free-cutting additives, such as sulfur, rare earth and bismuth.
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