Abstract
A method is reported to make an electron source consisting of an individual multi-walledcarbon nanotube (MWNT) mounted on a tungsten support tip, and cut to length usinglocalized electron beam irradiation in a scanning electron microscope. The apex of the MWNTwas transformed into a closed cap with at least one fullerene-like layer via an annealingprocess involving simultaneous heating and the extraction of an emission current of ∼ 1 mA. The electron emission occurred at localized emission sites. The electron emissionshowed Fowler–Nordheim behavior, was highly stable with time, and exhibited a lowenergy spread. The structure of the caps of two MWNTs was studied with transmissionelectron microscopy before and after the cap closure.
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