Abstract
This paper presents a block-chain enabled inkjet-printed ultrahigh frequency radiofrequency identification (UHF RFID) system for the supply chain management, traceability and authentication of hard to tag bottled consumer products containing fluids such as water, oil, juice, and wine. In this context, we propose a novel low-cost, compact inkjet-printed UHF RFID tag antenna design for liquid bottles, with 2.5 m read range improvement over existing designs along with robust performance on different liquid bottle products. The tag antenna is based on a nested slot-based configuration that achieves good impedance matching around high permittivity surfaces. The tag was designed and optimized using the characteristic mode analysis. Moreover, the proposed RFID tag was commercially tested for tagging and billing of liquid bottle products in a conveyer belt and smart refrigerator for automatic billing applications. With the help of block-chain based product tracking and a mobile application, we demonstrate a real-time, secure and smart supply chain process in which items can be monitored using the proposed RFID technology. We believe the standalone system presented in this paper can be deployed to create smart contracts that benefit both the suppliers and consumers through the development of trust. Furthermore, the proposed system will paves the way towards authentic and contact-less delivery of food, drinks and medicine in recent Corona virus pandemic.
Highlights
INTERNET of Things (IoT) has transformed our lives into world of connect physical objects, and this smart ecosystem has fostered countless innovative applications such as smart retail, connected cars, healthcare, smart automation, smart cities and etc.[1]
The impedance measurements method that uses a balun is known to have accuracy issues, we obtained satisfactory performance out of the proposed tag antenna in US Radio frequency identification (RFID) band, which was further verified from a more accurate read range measurement method using the Voyantic Tagformance pro setup, which is discussed in detail later
A standalone tag antenna system which is equipped with blockchain technology for a secure, robust and real-time supply chain management, traceability and authentication of hard to tag items such as liquid bottle products
Summary
The RFID reader scan all the products and update the new goods information in the blockchain ledger. The proposed scheme protects and authenticates the goods in supply chain process. The blockchain prevents the attacks or modify of data in the supply chain process. Components of the blockchain based supply chain. The RFID reader sends a signal towards tag antenna for data query. The RFID reader transfers this data to app for data verification and processing. The app stores and retrieves the data from blockchain through the network. The components of RFID and blockchain based system for supply chain process are as follows: 1. Blockchain ledger: All goods information (i.e., price, expiry) are stored in the blockchain ledger The components of RFID and blockchain based system for supply chain process are as follows: 1. Blockchain ledger: All goods information (i.e., price, expiry) are stored in the blockchain ledger
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