Major Laparoscopic Complications: A Review in Two Parts

Abstract

Abstract Background: Gynecologic laparoscopy began in the United States at Cornell Medical Center in New York and at the Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore in 1968. Laparoscopy has continued to evolve over the years from a purely diagnostic tool to a major operative technique. Many advantages have been recognized by the application of laparoscopic techniques including small incisions, instrument-only manipulations, decreased postoperative pain, and rapid recovery. As more and less expert surgeons have used gynecologic laparoscopy, the number and severity of complications has increased in frequency. This review focuses on major laparoscopic complications, which include major vessel injury, gastrointestinal injuries, and urologic injuries, as well as a group of unique and rare injuries. Serious injuries can create significant morbidity. Additionally, both major vessel and intestinal injuries can result in death. Although urinary tract injuries are rarely fatal, they can, if not managed appropriately lead t...