Abstract

The world is constantly changing and the roles of men and women in modern society are changing accordingly. In recent years, public interest in gender issues has significantly increased. Among the remarkable achievements of the indigenous science is the study of the phenomenon of gender identification, the influence of gender stereotypes and gender polarization in preschool age. In a "gendered" society, the appropriate gender-role identification of children is carried out, which determines the specifics of primary gender socialization, becomes an internal regulator of social activity of an individual. Gender, established at birth, cannot mechanically determine the type of gender identification, that is why its formation is a complex process of choosing and mastering one of the two patterns of gender behavior. The topic of our study is relevant because of the importance of the period of gender and age identification of the adolescent, whose clear and irreversible idea of his gender is being formed, as well as understanding and acceptance of the roles of sexes, recognition of the irreversibility of gender as a major component of self-awareness and self-identification.Child's gender perceptions are actively formed in preschool age and are an integral component of person's gender identity. Child masters the social norms, patterns of behavior and cultural values of his/her nation. The gender approach to the upbringing of the preschool children should be focused on the formation and establishment of equal, gender-independent opportunities for self-realization of the individual. However as practical experience shows, the gender component and its methodological data are insufficient in terms of the content of preschool education. In preschool institutions, gender education takes place spontaneously, educators use the traditional approach to forming child's self-esteem and his stereotypes of self-perception only on the basis of gender, so it is important today to pay more attention to gender education and socialization.Experimentally it has been investigated the peculiarities of gender and age identification of the preschoolers of the preschool institution of a combined type #9 of the city of Chernivtsi. According to the research, the greater part of children of 5-6 years old are aware of their belonging to the male or female sex, having the already formed gender identity. Gender perceptions of preschool children are gender-appropriate: girls’ - feminine, and boys’ – masculine. In addition, they are stereotypical: boys have instrumental role, girls-expressive.We believe that gender approach is the theoretical basis for effective learning, education and socialization, and a priority part of modern education.

Highlights

  • Ukraine's gradual entry into the European educational space in recent times has determined the great interest to pedagogical science regarding the problems of gender education and gender culture in the sphere of education

  • The gender approach to the upbringing of the preschool children lies in the investigation of the peculiarities of their gender ideas and provide an individual approach to the behavior of boys and girls of preschool age and purposeful use of various methodological tools by the educators which contribute to the formation of the preschoolers' gender identity

  • The gender approach to the upbringing of the preschool children lies in the investigation of the peculiarities of their gender ideas and provide an individual approach to the behavior of boys and girls of preschool age and purposeful use of various methodological tools by the educators which contribute to the formation of gender identity of preschoolers

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Summary

Introduction

Ukraine's gradual entry into the European educational space in recent times has determined the great interest to pedagogical science regarding the problems of gender education and gender culture in the sphere of education. Child's gender perceptions are actively formed in preschool age and are an integral component of a person's gender identity. Such ideas are not formed in and of themselves, but they are directly influenced by gender stereotypes, attitudes, knowledge and considerations, values that are common in a particular society. The process of socialization of preschoolers is intensive and meaningful: the child masters social norms, patterns of behavior and cultural values of his nation. This process of socialization of the child is significantly influenced by existing gender-role stereotypes, which determine his/her general orientation. Gender ideas of preschoolers, mastered at the cognitive level in the form of schemes, latent formations, are their guidelines for the polar female and male world

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