Majmaah Bölgesi'nde (Suudi Arabistan Krallığı) Kardiyovasküler Hastalığı Olan Hastalarda Kardiyak Otonom Fonksiyon ile Metabolik Sendrom Arasındaki İlişki: Vaka Kontrol Gözlem Çalışması

Abstract

Objective: Lacunae in literature persist regarding the mechanisms connected with the progression from metabolic syndrome (MetS) to Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). To validate heart rate variability (HRV), as a tool for progression of CVD in patients visiting cardiovascular outpatient clinic. Material and Methods: This crosssectional study involved screening of 126 patients for the presence of one or more cardiometabolic risk factors and followed with HRV measurement after categorizing them as MetS+ or control MetS-. Results: Time domain analysis showed a significant reduction between male and female of MetS- and MetS+ While frequency domain analysis in MetS+ male showed no difference, MetS+ female showed significant difference in TP and HF indices. With increasing number of metabolic components, the MetS+ males exhibited significant decrease in the time domain and increase in frequency domain indices of HRV. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglyceride (TG) were associated with time and frequency domain of HRV among MetS+ and MetS- males and females. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) was a significant predictor of SDNN, RRSSD, and NN50 in patients with MetS+ while HDL was a significant predictor of Standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN) and pNN50. BMI was significant predictor of SDNN and pNN50 in MetS- patients and NN50 in MetS+ patients. In MetS+, the significant predictor of HF was WC, TG, HDL and LDL and that of LF were TG and LDL while in MetS-, WC was significant predictor of LF and HDL of LF/HF. Conclusion: MetS+ females showed lower vagal activity and decreased sympathetic predominance as compared to MetS males suggesting greater cardiovascular risk.