Abstract
Nitrogen (N) is the main limiting nutrient for productivity and yield components of maize crop. Urea is the main nitrogen source used, which, despite the high N concentration (45%), presents many losses through leaching and volatilization. In view of that, the purpose of the experiment was to evaluate the effect of applying N doses with urease inhibitor, nitrification inhibitor and slow-release urea, in relation to the conventional urea, on productivity and yield components of maize crop. The experiment was conducted in the municipality of Santa Rosa do Sul, state of Santa Catarina, in a 4x5 factorial scheme, where factor A corresponded to four nitrogen protection mechanisms (urea with urease inhibitor, urea with nitrification inhibitor, slow-release urea and conventional urea) and factor B corresponded to the surface-applied nitrogen percentage for the aforementioned protection mechanisms (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). Under the edaphoclimatic conditions of the present study, fertilizers with inhibitors (nitrification and urease) and with slow release do not significantly increase maize productivity in relation to the conventional urea and, regardless of the source used, it is possible to reduce the recommended dose by 25%, based on soil analysis, without significantly impacting maize productivity.
Highlights
Resumo - O Nitrogênio (N) é o principal nutriente limitante de produtividade e componentes de rendimento da cultura do milho
Since nitrogen is the nutrient that presents the most significant effects on increase of grain yield (Soratto et al, 2011), high productivity is reached with high doses of nitrogen fertilizers
In view of the above, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of applying doses of nitrogen with urease inhibitor, nitrification inhibitor, and slow-release urea in relation to conventional urea, on yield components and productivity of maize crop
Summary
Resumo - O Nitrogênio (N) é o principal nutriente limitante de produtividade e componentes de rendimento da cultura do milho. The response depends on the edaphoclimatic conditions and the crop, being higher in conditions where high losses of NH3 by volatilization are expected, such as in alkaline soil, not limited to this condition (Abalos et al, 2014) Another alternative to increase fertilization efficiency is the use of nitrification inhibitors with the purpose to delay the nitrate (NO3-) formation in the soil by the interference in the activity of the bacteria of the genus Nitrosomonas, which are responsible for the oxidation of ammonium (NH4+) to nitrite (NO2-) (Moro et al, 2013). One of them is the dicyandiamide (DCD), a nitrification inhibitor that presents increment of productivity in several crops, in particular when associated with the application of organic fertilizers, by delaying the process for up to ten weeks (Aita et al, 2013)
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