Abstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is a host to numerous pathogenic species that impose serious diseases to its ear and foliage, negatively affecting the yield and the quality of the maize crop. A considerable amount of research has been carried out to elucidate mechanisms of maize-pathogen interactions with a major goal to identify defense-associated proteins. In this review, we summarize interactions of maize with its agriculturally important pathogens that were assessed at the proteome level. Employing differential analyses, such as the comparison of pathogen-resistant and susceptible maize varieties, as well as changes in maize proteomes after pathogen challenge, numerous proteins were identified as possible candidates in maize resistance. We describe findings of various research groups that used mainly mass spectrometry-based, high through-put proteomic tools to investigate maize interactions with fungal pathogens Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium spp., and Curvularia lunata, and viral agents Rice Black-streaked Dwarf Virus and Sugarcane Mosaic Virus.
Highlights
Maize is the most grown cereal crop in the world (990.64 million tons per year according to USDA WASDE report, May 2015) valued for its nutritional properties as food and feed, and as a source material for many industrial uses
We present a summary of proteome-based research of maize interaction with, and defense against, diverse pathogens
The most remarkable difference was observed for PRm3 that accumulated 40-fold during maturation of resistant rachis, as opposed to a 7.3-fold increase in the susceptible line. These findings indicated that rachis from resistant and susceptible genotypes differ in their defense mechanisms
Summary
Maize is the most grown cereal crop in the world (990.64 million tons per year according to USDA WASDE report, May 2015) valued for its nutritional properties as food and feed, and as a source material for many industrial uses. Diseases inflicted on this important plant species by naturally occurring pathogens are detrimental to the economy and threaten the food supplies around the globe, especially in the regions where maize is a staple food commodity. Numerous potential protein and gene candidates in maize disease resistance were identified. These proteins could serve as selective markers for the development of resistant elite varieties, either through conventional breeding or via genetic engineering
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