Abstract
Planctomycetes are ubiquitous bacteria with environmental and biotechnological relevance. Axenic cultures of planctomycetal strains are the basis to analyse their unusual biology and largely uncharacterised metabolism in more detail. Here, we describe strain Mal4T isolated from marine sediments close to Palma de Mallorca, Spain. Strain Mal4T displays common planctomycetal features, such as division by polar budding and the presence of fimbriae and crateriform structures on the cell surface. Cell growth was observed at ranges of 10–39 °C (optimum at 31 °C) and pH 6.5–9.0 (optimum at 7.5). The novel strain shows as pear-shaped cells of 2.0 ± 0.2 × 1.4 ± 0.1 µm and is one of the rare examples of orange colony-forming Planctomycetes. Its genome has a size of 7.7 Mb with a G+C content of 63.4%. Phylogenetically, we conclude that strain Mal4T (= DSM 100296T = LMG 29133T) is the type strain representing the type species of a novel genus, for which we propose the name Maioricimonas rarisocia gen. nov., sp. nov.
Highlights
Planctomycetes are bacteria that belong to the PVC superphylum (Wagner and Horn 2006), which includes the phyla Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, Lentisphaerae and Kirimatiellaeota as well as some uncultured candidate phyla, such as Candidatus Omnitrophica
In the phylogenetic trees obtained after analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, as well as multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) (Fig. 1), Fig. 1 Phylogenetic trees highlighting the position of strain Mal4T
Strain Mal4T clusters stably with members of two genera of the family Planctomycetaceae, namely Planctomicrobium and Thalassoglobus. 16S rRNA gene sequence identity between strain Mal4T and the two genera is between 91.4% and 91.9% (Fig. 2)
Summary
Planctomycetes are bacteria that belong to the PVC superphylum (Wagner and Horn 2006), which includes the phyla Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Chlamydiae, Lentisphaerae and Kirimatiellaeota as well as some uncultured candidate phyla, such as Candidatus Omnitrophica. Members of the phylum Planctomycetes, in particular of the class Planctomycetia, colonise a variety of environments from terrestrial to aquatic, being able to dwell on various marine algal surfaces (Bengtsson et al 2012; Bondoso et al 2014, 2015, 2017; Lage and Bondoso 2014; Vollmers et al 2017). They form biofilms on biotic surfaces (Bengtsson and Øvreas 2010), on which they metabolise complex carbon substrates (Lachnit et al 2013; Jeske et al 2013). We conclude that strain Mal4T represents a novel species of a novel genus within the family Planctomycetaceae
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