Maintenance hemodialysis in Menoufia governorate, Egypt: Is there any progress?

Abstract

Introduction End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) has a major health impact worldwide. Hemodialysis (HD) is the basic renal replacement therapy in our country. In Egypt, like other developing countries, there is no electronic data system that permits simple measurable examination and assurance of the span of the issue for future plans. Aim The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ESKD patients on HD in Menoufia governorate, Egypt, as well as the clinical characteristics of such patients to make a core for national data registry. Patients and methods A questionnaire was conducted on ESKD patients on regular HD focusing on demographic data and clinical characteristics of the dialysis population, including smoking history, causes of ESKD, virology status, vascular access, blood transfusion, hemoglobin level, calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone. Results The prevalence rate of ESKD in Menoufia governorate was 483 patients per million populations. The mean age was 53.18±13.26 years [the highest proportion of patients (36.6%) was aged between 50 and 60 years]; there were 61.6% male and 38.4% female patients. The mean duration of dialysis was 3.78±3.372 years. The main causes of ESKD were hypertension (33.4%) and diabetic nephropathy (9.2%), and the unknown etiology accounted for 32.9% of all causes of ESKD. The prevalence of hepatitis C and B was found to be 42 and 2%, respectively, whereas the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (seroconversion was 7.9%). Conclusion In Menoufia governorate, the prevalence of ESKD patients on regular HD is steadily increasing than that previously reported, especially among older patients. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are the most commonly accounted causes of ESKD, whereas undetermined etiology accounted for 32.9%. Hepatitis C infection and seroconversion among dialysis patients have been reduced.