Abstract
The health sector in Iraq had faced enormous challenges. The health care system suffered a catastrophic deterioration under the former regime. The 1991 Gulf war incurred Iraq’s major infrastructures huge damages; includes health centers, clinics, hospitals, etc. The United Nations economic sanctions aggravated the deterioration process. The level of health care in Iraq has dropped markedly as the government budget allocated to the Ministry of Health (MOH) had decreased from $ 450 million in 1970 to about $ 250 million in 1985 then the annual total health budget for the ministry, a decade after the sanctions had fallen to $ 22 million which is barely 5% of what it was in the 1970s. On the other hand, the conflict of 2003 destroyed an estimated 12 percent of hospitals. Moreover, the war at 2014 held on ISIS-led to almost total destruction in most hospitals in the Central and Northern provinces. All this requires a quick strategy to advance the health sector and create a sustainable health sector. The researchers in this study will demonstrate, what are the pros and cons of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) contracts, how can be used in the Iraqi health sector, the main causes of dependence the MOH to using the PPP contracts in the all existing and the unfinished hospitals.
Highlights
Ministry of Health (MOH) is mainly funding by the central government
In Iraq, the Private Partnership (PPP) concept is comparatively new to the Government of Iraq (GOI), where the creation of infrastructure and providing of services, especially healthcare services has traditionally been the responsibility of the government
We can conclude that the Iraqi MOH needs annually to construct hospitals in all Iraqi provinces with bed capacity reach to more than 1600 beds only to keep up with the annual population increase
Summary
MOH is mainly funding by the central government. In 1970, Iraq had one of the highest medical standards in the Middle East. The precept of free and comprehensive health care, financed from public government revenues in Iraq, had been applied from 1921 to 1983, at that time, the services provided by the MOH was totally free [1]. In 1999 all the government hospitals and health centers adopted the self-financing policy According to this strategy, hospitals and health centers had been taking wages from patients for medicine and treatment that were provided. In Iraq, the PPP concept is comparatively new to the Government of Iraq (GOI), where the creation of infrastructure and providing of services, especially healthcare services has traditionally been the responsibility of the government This situation after 2003 had changed due to insufficient government investment and increasing demand for infrastructure projects. It was necessary to think about using partnership contracts as a means of providing health services, especially after the low global oil prices and the occurrence of the financial crisis in 2014 [1]
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