Abstract
The development of scientific and technological progress in mechanical engineering, energy, aerospace and other industries is unthinkable without the creation of new structural materials that can improve the most important parameters of engines, machines and mechanisms, assemblies, devices and increase their mass performance, reliability, service life of products and reduce their material consumption. Products and aggregates from polymer composite materials (PCM) can be obtained in various ways. In industrial production, the most widely used method of winding and pressing. Pressing can be carried out using a mixture of preliminarily fiber and a polymer binder. One of the most promising methods of forming products and assemblies from a variety of plastic is the method of winding with fiber, due to the fact that it creates the required filler structure in the factories depending on their shape and operation characteristics. All areas of effective use of polymer composite materials are reflected. This article discusses the technological capabilities and applications of traditional and new varieties of the method. Even, the results of an analysis of the prospects for the development of manufacturing technologies for products and aggregates from polymer composite materials using the winding method are presented. There are methods of dry and wet winding. Consider these winding methods. Winding is carried out on a mandrel mounted on a machine with numerical control. This method is also called the spiral winding method. Existing approaches to the development of mathematical models are described and created for the manufacture of complex structural elements, including products and an assembly with a curved spatial axis, and so on.
Highlights
While the average use of composite materials in mechanical industry is estimated to vary from 1.5 to 2%, in the majority of developed countries this rate can rise to 10-15%
It is expected that the annual growth in composites consumption in the aerospace engineering and automotive industry could make up 8%, 6% respectively
Composites are extensively used in the shipbuilding industry, aircraft industry, power systems engineering, automotive industry, the construction industry, mechanical manufacturing [1; 2]
Summary
While the average use of composite materials in mechanical industry is estimated to vary from 1.5 to 2%, in the majority of developed countries this rate can rise to 10-15%. The simplest winding machines have two axes of motion, the mandrel rotation and the carriage travel (usually horizontal) This method is applied for producing cylindrical products of comparatively small diameter, for example fishing rods, golf club shafts, etc. Due to the use of solvents, the range of binder substances, – including phenol formaldehyde, epoxyphenolic, epoxy, polyamide and resins, – expands significantly Another drawback of this technology is that the product is formed at the temperature of in the mandrel which is higher than the melting point of the binder. Improved fiber impregnation requires the employment of resins with both lower viscosity and coefficient of surface tension The solution to this problem appears to be fundamental for ensuring stable quality of composites. Solid and hollow products appear to have a unique set of physical and mechanical characteristics
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