MAIN DIRECTIONS FOR USAGE OF METABOLISM ENERGY OF CATTLE AND POULTRY

Abstract

The 2021 World Climate Congress recognized the priority of natural methods of energy production and evaluation of the results of its use. For productive animal husbandry, the study of genetic and environmental factors in consumption of metabolic energy is the most important. The purpose of this work was a comparative study of the main processes of metabolic energy usage of mammals and birds, as well as their interaction and influence on productive qualities. The study was carried out on breeding farms and poultry farms on cows and chickens, similar in terms of rearing methods, age and housing technologies. The study adopted a single assessment of the studied phenomena, in MJ, characterizing the energy, released heat, and the work performed per day for the synthesis of products. Statistical analysis of energy inflow and outflow allowedto determine the direction of this relation and the level of their influence on animal productivity. As a result of the research, it was found that birds have 2.93 times higherintensity of basal metabolism compared to cattleor by 0.199 MJ/kg. It is required 23% more gross energy of plant feed for production of one MJ of milknutritional value than for an egg product. Highly productive animals havemore effective basic metabolism and high efficiency of interaction between the main processes of metabolic energy usage. The established difference between cattle and poultry in terms of main metabolism is biological basis for development of resource-saving technologies for production of food of animal origin.