Abstract
Abstract: The word stoma means the opening of a surgical mouth, when there is a need to divert the normal transit of food or elimination temporarily or permanently. The intestinal stoma has several reasons that lead to the need for its manufacture, among them: rectal colon cancer, inflammatory bowel diseases, abdominal injuries due to trauma and perforations, among others. The individual with an ostomy is subject to immediate or long-term postoperative complications, even if the stoma is temporary, affecting the person on several aspects. The objective of this study was to identify the main complications of intestinal ostomies and their impact on the lives of these individuals. To this end, an integrative literature review was carried out with a qualitative approach, carried out by consulting the Scielo and Lilacs databases. The following descriptors (DeCS) were used: “Colostomy”, “Postoperative complications” and “Surgical stomas”. These were combined using the Boolean operator and. The criteria adopted for inclusion of articles were: articles published from 2013, in the languages: Portuguese, English and Spanish, available and free. The following were excluded: Monographs, theses, reviews and duplicate articles. A total of 2566 articles were found, using the combination of descriptors, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria 64 articles remained, these were subjected to a previous analysis of their summary, leaving 10 articles to compose the present study. There was a predominance of complications related to surgery, (50%) followed by complications related to peri-stoma skin (30%) and complications related to the lack of professional guidance in the preoperative period (20%). It is concluded, therefore, that the incidence of complications in intestinal ostomies not directly related to the surgical act, evidences the individual's adaptation process regarding the care with the stoma and peri-stoma skin, having as aggravating the lack of monitoring of trained professionals during the preoperatively and continuously in the following phases.Keywords: Colostomy. Postoperative complications. Surgical stomas.
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