Maiden application of cascade tilt‐integral‐derivative controller in load frequency control of deregulated power system

Abstract

The present work primarily addresses a maiden application of fractional order calculus-based cascade tilt-integral–tilt-integral-derivative (CC-TI-TID) controller in load frequency control of deregulated power systems. Simultaneously, an efficiency test of a recently introduced water cycle algorithm (WCA) in obtaining optimal setting of CC-TI-TID controller is also investigated. In the proposed controller, TID controller acts as a slave controller, while TI controller played a role of master controller. Performance test of the proposed controller in stabilizing system frequency of a deregulated four-area power system is carried out. In view of the above, firstly, superiority of WCA over other studied algorithms such as genetic algorithm, differential evolution, and teaching-learning–based optimization techniques is established considering the proposed CC-TI-TID controller-assisted four-area power system. Secondly, comparative performance among WCA tuned proposed CC-TI-TID, CC-PI-TD, and PID controllers are explored in terms of chosen objective function, performance indices, settling time, and peak deviations. The comparative results obtained reveal that WCA tuned CC-TI-TID controller outperforms the others. Further, to check the robustness of the CC-TI-TID controller, sensitivity analysis is performed by varying Disco participation matrix.