Abstract
This study is a descriptive and interpretive account of indirect form of linguistic violence to teachers by their students in 72 males and 35 females) from assorted secondary schools in Dar es Salaam region the majority of whom were, by the time of data gathering, aged between 10 and 19 years. Data were gathered through a questionnaire and non-participatory observation. The findings indicate there the students are engaged in six forms of indirect linguistic violence, namely; sexualizing, pejorizing, stupidizing, feminizing, musculinizing, and animalizing. Further, female teachers are more victims of these forms of violence than their male counterparts at two levels: by being given comparably harsher expressions and by their body parts being referents for insults.
Highlights
1.1 General Introduction‘Violence’, a term referring to “nothing more than the most flagrant manifestation of power” (Arendt, 1970:35), points to the fact that violence takes many forms
This study focuses on indirect form of linguistic violence to teachers by their students in Tanzania, with a gender comparison perspective
The current study has shown that both male and female teachers have shown that both male and female teachers have suffered from their students’ indirect verbal attacks
Summary
1.1 General Introduction‘Violence’, a term referring to “nothing more than the most flagrant manifestation of power” (Arendt, 1970:35), points to the fact that violence takes many forms. In the field of philosophy, for example, according to Carver (1968), there has developed a typology of violence that includes overt and covert forms, as well as personal and institutional forms One form of such violence is Linguistic Violence, which is an umbrella term for the psychological and social use of any instance of language to abuse, offend, or hurt somebody. Having studied a total of 490 songs, he concluded that rap artistes report and relish the abuse, rape and death of women This is one sided, indicating only females as victims of linguistic violence. Nayef and Nashar (2014), using discourse from Egyptian internet jokes, examined how language is manipulated and used to disparage women the findings showed that the ‘wife’ was the category most ridiculed This is study is one- sided, indicating only females as victims of linguistic violence
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