Abstract

Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are polymers reinforced by ferromagnetic particles that show magnetic dependent behavior. Mixing MREs with reinforcing fibers can create a new class of material so-called “MRE composites, MRECs” with additional functionalities and properties. Here, using a Generalized Maxwell model, we proposed a new magnetic-dependent rheological model by considering the hysteresis phenomenon for MREs to predict the dynamic damping responses of MREC plates reinforced by fibers in the frequency domain. We also investigated the influence of magnetic flux intensity, the volume fraction of the fiber, the orientation angle of the fibers, the number of layers, as well as the fiber-to-matrix stiffness ratio on the natural frequency, loss factor, and mode shapes of MRECs plates. Our results suggest that homogenously increasing the elastic properties of the MRECs through the spatial distribution of fibers and changing the fiber-to-matrix stiffness ratio can effectively tailor the dynamic properties of MRECs. Tailoring these properties can provide additional freedom for the fabrication of 4D-printed MRE-based composites.

Highlights

  • Composite materials with superior material properties and functionalities are the results of the precise placement of their constituents, namely fiber and matrix [1,2]

  • We investigated the influence of magnetic flux intensity, the volume fraction of the fiber, the orientation angle of the fibers, the number of layers, as well as the fiber‐to‐matrix stiffness ratio on the natural frequency, loss factor, and mode shapes of MRE composites (MRECs) plates

  • Our results suggest that homogenously increasing the elastic properties of the MRECs through the spatial distribution of fibers and changing the fiber‐to‐matrix stiffness ratio can effectively tailor the dynamic properties of MRECs

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Summary

Introduction

Composite materials with superior material properties and functionalities are the results of the precise placement of their constituents, namely fiber and matrix [1,2]. The fabrication process and the damping response of MRECs can be optimized with respect to the influences of various parameters, including the magnetic flux intensity [26], the volume fraction of the magnetic particles, the orientation of the particles, and material properties of the matrix (e.g., using natural rubber as the matrix [27]). Several models have been proposed for such applications in the past [45,46,47] that are able to predict the hysteresis behaviors These models, did not take into consideration the magnetic‐dependent properties of the smart elastomers (i.e., MRE), and they did not present a general relationship of magnetic‐ dependent parameters such as the model presented in [43]. We parametrically analyzed the effect of the magnetic field magnitude, fiber orientation and volume fraction, and elastic properties of fibers on the free vibration behavior of the MREC plates

Problem definition
Governing equations of multi-layer MREC plates
Derivation of the mechanical behavior of the fiber and MRE
Results and discussions
The effect of magnetic flux intensity
The effects of the volume fraction of glass fibers
The effect of the fiber orientations
The effects of the number of layers and fiber orientation in each layer
The influence of fiber to the matrix stiffness ratio
Conclusion
Full Text
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