Magnetophoresis in combination with chemical enhancers for transdermal drug delivery

Abstract

Purpose: The objective of the present work was to investigate the effect of combination of a novel physical permeation enhancement technique, magnetophoresis with chemical permeation enhancers on the transdermal delivery of drugs.Methods: The in vitro drug transport studies were carried out across the freshly excised abdominal skin of Sprague-Dawley rats using transdermal patch systems (magnetophoretic and non-magnetophoretic) of lidocaine hydrochloride (LH). LH gel prepared using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) was spread over the magnets as a thin layer. To investigate the effect of chemical permeation enhancers, menthol, dimethyl sulfoxide, sodium lauryl sulfate and urea (5% w/v) were incorporated in the gels prior to loading on the patch system.Results: The flux of lidocaine from magnetophoretic patch was ~3-fold higher (3.07 ± 0.43 µg/cm2/h) than that of the control (non-magnetophoretic patch) (0.94 ± 0.13 µg/cm2/h). Incorporation of chemical permeation enhancers in the gel enhanced the magnetophoretic delivery flux by ~4 to 7-fold.Conclusions: The enhancement factor due to combination of chemical permeation enhancer was additive and not synergistic. Mechanistic studies indicated that magnetophoresis mediated drug delivery enhancement was via appendageal pathway.