Abstract
We developed a novel magnetometer that employs negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV−) centers in diamond, to detect the magnetic field generated by magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for biomedical applications. The compact probe system is integrated into a fiber-optics platform allowing for a compact design. To detect signals from the MNPs effectively, we demonstrated, for the first time, the application of an alternating current (AC) magnetic field generated by the excitation coil of several hundred microteslas for the magnetization of MNPs in diamond quantum sensing. In the lock-in detection system, the minimum detectable AC magnetic field (at a frequency of 1.025 kHz) was approximately 57.6 nT for one second measurement time. We were able to detect the micromolar concentration of MNPs at distances of a few millimeters. These results indicate that the magnetometer with the NV− centers can detect the tiny amounts of MNPs, thereby offering potential for future biomedical applications.
Highlights
We developed a novel magnetometer that employs negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV−) centers in diamond, to detect the magnetic field generated by magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for biomedical applications
We developed a novel magnetometer with NV− centers in a bulk diamond, and demonstrated the detection of the magnetic field from MNPs
The energy state of the NV− center that possesses an electron spin can be controlled by a green laser (532 nm) and microwave (MW) irradiation, resulting in a decrease in the red fluorescence intensity attributed to the electron spin resonance (ESR)
Summary
We developed a novel magnetometer that employs negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV−) centers in diamond, to detect the magnetic field generated by magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for biomedical applications. Such accessibility of spin transition allows highly-sensitive detections of magnetic field[4,5,6,7], electric field[8], temperature[9], distortion[10], and quantum computing[11] This diversity clearly indicates the significant superiority of the method compared with each individual sensing type, and potentially provides a technology to build sensors for a wide range of applications. We developed a novel magnetometer with NV− centers in a bulk diamond, and demonstrated the detection of the magnetic field from MNPs. The optical fiber-based system enabled us to realize a compact probe system as opposed to a confocal-based optical system, and alternating-current (AC) magnetic fields of the excitation coil system facilitated highly sensitive detection of MNPs
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