Abstract

Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a brain imaging modality with considerable promise for understanding early neonatal brain development and its alteration in clinical populations, together with the long-term consequences of premature birth and adverse neonatal events. This article discusses present and potential contributions of MEG to neonatology and neonatal follow-up. We give a brief overview of MEG and discuss its advantages and capabilities. We review fetal MEG and neonatal MEG, including the recent introduction of dedicated neonatal MEG systems. The use of MEG for understanding long-term neurocognitive outcome in populations such as school-aged children born very preterm will be discussed, as well as recent advances in MEG that represent significant opportunities for understanding neonatal brain development. In summary, MEG provides a powerful method to create a noninvasive record of neuronal activity throughout fetal development, neonatal life, and childhood.

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