Abstract
We report the magnetoelectric (ME) coupling in ME composites composed of NiFe2O4 (NFO) or metglas as magnetostrictive phases and BaTiO3 (BTO) as piezoelectric phase, targeting lead free magetnic field sensors. NFO and BTO phases were synthesized by solid state sintering method and further characterized by using XRD and FESEM techniques. The P-E hysteresis curve shows good ferroelectric behavior with saturation polarization of Ps = 15.87 C/cm2 and coercive electric field of 130 kV/cm. The ME response was characterized as a function of dc magnetic field at a fixed frequency. The transverse ME voltage coefficient, αME31 shows 2 times larger magnitude than that of longitudinal ME voltage coefficient, αME31. The maximum αME31 of 37 mV/cm•Oe (@Hdc = 250 Oe) is observed for NFO/BTO/NFO ME composites with thickness ratio of tm/tp = 1.0. The ME coupling is further enhanced by replacing NFO layers by highly magnetostrictive metglas layers. Metglas/BTO/metglas laminates show large αME31 value of 81 mV/cm•Oe at relatively lower Hdc of 145 Oe. The present laminates can offer promising opportunities of engineering environmental friendly ME laminate for applications in ME devices such as energy harvester and magnetic field sensors.
Highlights
Magnetoelectric (ME) laminates, the composites composed of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric layers show giant ME effects over that of natural multiferroics and particulate composites by up to several orders of magnitude [1]-[3]
BaTiO3 has been widely used in the ME composites in the form of particulate composites or sintered ME laminates these composites show comparatively smaller values than the present lead free composites having 2-2 connectivity [6]-[9]
We report symmetric ME composites made up of BaTiO3 (BTO) as a piezoelectric phase and NiFe2O4 (NFO) and metglas as magnetostrictive phases
Summary
Magnetoelectric (ME) laminates, the composites composed of magnetostrictive and piezoelectric layers show giant ME effects over that of natural multiferroics and particulate composites by up to several orders of magnitude [1]-[3]. Different laminate composites with various material compositions of piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) or lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate (PMN-PT) and magnetostrictive Terfenol-D or metglas were reported [1]-[3] [5]. Among these laminates, PZT based ME laminates show giant magnetoelectric voltage coefficients in the order of several V/cm∙Oe [1]-[3]. One can expect very large ME coupling if these two constituent phases can be combined In this respect, we report symmetric ME composites made up of BaTiO3 (BTO) as a piezoelectric phase and NiFe2O4 (NFO) and metglas as magnetostrictive phases
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