Abstract
The present work explores the potential of magneto-rheological fluid assisted abrasive finishing (MRF-AF) for obtaining precise surface topography of an in-house developed β-phase Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr (TNTZ) alloy for orthopedic applications. Investigations have been made to study the influence of the concentration of carbonyl iron particles (CIP), rotational speed (Nt), and working gap (Gp) in response to material removal (MR) and surface roughness (Ra) of the finished sample using a design of experimental technique. Further, the corrosion performance of the finished samples has also been analyzed through simulated body fluid (SBF) testing. It has been found that the selected input process parameters significantly influenced the observed MR and Ra values at 95% confidence level. Apart from this, it has been found that Gp and Nt exhibited the maximum contribution in the optimized values of the MR and Ra, respectively. Further, the corrosion analysis of the finished samples specified that the resistance against corrosion is a direct function of the surface finish. The morphological analysis of the corroded morphologies indicated that the rough sites of the implant surface have provided the nuclei for corrosion mechanics that ultimately resulted in the shredding of the appetite layer. Overall results highlighted that the MRF-AF is a potential technique for obtaining nano-scale finishing of the high-strength β-phase Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr alloy.
Highlights
80% of biomedical implants are developed using metallic materials, including stainless steel, cobalt-chromium, Nitinol, and titanium alloys
That, the prepared specimens were subjected to a heat-treatment improve the mechanical the prepared specimens were subjected to a heat-treatment process to improve the mechanical properties properties of β-phase Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr as reported in previous study [39]
The 3.5%vol of the diamond abrasive particles corresponded to the higher material removal (MR) and lower Ra
Summary
80% of biomedical implants are developed using metallic materials, including stainless steel, cobalt-chromium, Nitinol, and titanium alloys. This is mainly due to the fact that the metallic biomaterials play a remarkable role in the recovery of dysfunctional organs and improving the Materials 2020, 13, 5156; doi:10.3390/ma13225156 www.mdpi.com/journal/materials. The intrinsic characteristics of this alloy tend to release aluminum and vanadium ions, which results in their accumulations on the host tissues and causes toxic reactions [5,6] Underlining such facts, many research interests are focused on the development of an effective alternative, β-phase Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr (β-TNTZ) biomedical alloy, for orthopedic implants, especially actabular cup, shoulder joint, and knee joint assemblies [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]
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