Abstract
The magneto-refractive properties of Er/Yb co-doped silica fiber (EYDF) are important in magnetic field sensing. Here, we proposed a theoretical calculation model of the EYDF using density functional theory (DFT) and demonstrated it by an interferometric digital hologram magneto-refractive measurement system. The calculation results show that the fiber material, doped with Er/Yb atoms, has a large net spin and asymmetric spin distribution, which enables the elements to play an important role in the magnetic characteristics of the material. The experimental results show that the refractive index of the fiber decreases linearly with the increase of the magnetic field. The sensitivity of EYDF is 3.8279 × 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-5</sup> RIU/Gs and is two orders of magnitude higher than that of single-mode fiber which is confirmed by the theoretical calculation. It demonstrated that the EYDF has advantages and potential of high sensitivity, miniaturization, and easy integration for magnetic field detection in harsh environments.
Highlights
Optical fiber magnetic field sensors have the advantages of strong anti-interference ability, good stability, and high sensitivity, which are widely used in geophysics, military guidance, and industrial inspections [1], [2]
We established the geometrical structure of Er/Yb co-doped silica fiber (EYDF)-3MR, and calculated its spin density and electron structure using density functional theory (DFT)
The results show that there is a strong interaction between the 4f electrons of Er and Yb atoms and the 2p electrons of the O atom of silicon dioxide through the conduction of 6s electrons in the outer layer of the Er and Yb atoms
Summary
Optical fiber magnetic field sensors have the advantages of strong anti-interference ability, good stability, and high sensitivity, which are widely used in geophysics, military guidance, and industrial inspections [1], [2]. A magnetic field sensor based on the Faraday effect uses metallic glass and crystals with a large Verdet constant as the sensing unit to achieve target detection by measuring the Faraday rotation angle [6] These sensors have the advantages of a simple structure and fast response speed, and are widely used in current and pulsed magnetic fields, there are certain drawbacks because the measurement of their optical path requires high polarization stability and their sensitivity is limited by the low Verdet constant. The EYDF has the advantages of high sensitivity, simple structure, easy preparation, fast response speed, the viability of the Er/Yb co-doped optical fiber as a magnetic sensor was analyzed
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