Abstract
The method used is a first-order W.K.B. approximation with an integration path in the complex height plane. The refractive index versus height is represented on a Riemann surface with four corresponding to upgoing and downcoming waves and ordinary and extraordinary types of polarization. The branch points connecting the streets are characterized as reflection-points or ascoupling points. Suitable paths of integration in the Riemann surface determine the reflection coefficient for the various magneto-ionic components. Five possible fundamental components have been found, and an infinite number of additional components due mainly to multiple reflections between the different reflection points. Numerical computations have been carried out for ionospheric model with a Chapman distribution of electrons and an exponential decrease of collision frequency located in a moderate magnetic latitude. The results are represented in a sweep frequency picture of virtual height and absorption for five fundamental modes of propagation.
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