Magnetized supercritical third-grade nanofluid flow from a vertical cylinder using a Crank–Nicolson implicit scheme

Abstract

The current study investigates the supercritical convective radiative buoyancy-driven flow and heat transfer in external coating flow of an electrically conducting viscoelastic third-grade nanofluid from hotmoving/stationary cylinder under constant radial magnetic field. A new computational thermodynamic model has been proposed to study the supercritical behavior of third-grade aqueous nanofluid in terms of supercritical water. The Redlich–Kwong equation of state (RK-EOS) has been deployed to calculate thermal expansion coefficient for free convective flow of supercritical nanofluid in terms of temperature, compressibility factor and pressure. A validation test has been conducted for RK-EOS with available experimental results. A well-tested unconditionally stable Crank–Nicolson scheme has been implemented to obtain numerical solutions. Graphical results for flow variables, heat transfer and skin-friction coefficient distributions are presented for variation of nanoscale, rheological, magnetic, radiative and thermodynamic parameters. Transient velocity is reduced whereas temperature is elevated with amplified values of third-grade fluid parameter, reduced pressure, reduced temperature, and decreased values of volume fraction of nanofluid for a stationary cylinder under supercritical conditions. Special cases of the current model validated against previously published results. Important applications of the current study include nuclear reactor vessels, deposition of smart (functional magnetic) nano-coatings and solar collector energy systems.