Abstract
Motivated by the recent experiment demonstration of stacking dependent interlayer magnetic interaction [T. Song et al., Nat. Mater. 18, 1298 (2019); T. Li et al., Nat. Mater. 18, 1303 (2019); W. Chen et al., Science 366, 983 (2019)], we investigate the magnetization textures and the control possibilities in the moir\'{e} pattern formed of twisted bilayer two-dimensional (2D) magnets CrX$_3$ (X=Br, I). We find that the stacking dependent interlayer magnetic interaction results in the formation of periodic magnetization domains in a long-period moir\'{e} pattern. Magnetization textures with various topological numbers can be constructed, depending on the winding of the textures around the domain walls. A uniform external magnetic field competes with the lateral modulated interlayer magnetic interaction and can be utilized to tune the magnetization textures.
Highlights
The recent discovery of intrinsic ferromagnetism in twodimensional (2D) van der Waals materials provides an atomically thin arena for studying fundamental physics in 2D magnetism and building low-power spintronic devices [1,2,3,4,5]
When stacked with other nonmagnetic layered materials, magnetic order can be imprinted in the nonmagnetic material via the magnetic proximity effect, which provides an efficient platform for spin control and quantum state engineering [16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25]
We show that, nonuniform magnetization textures can be formed in the moiré pattern of twisted bilayer 2D ferromagnet CrI3 and CrBr3 arising from the stacking dependent interlayer magnetic interaction
Summary
The recent discovery of intrinsic ferromagnetism in twodimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) materials provides an atomically thin arena for studying fundamental physics in 2D magnetism and building low-power spintronic devices [1,2,3,4,5]. In bilayer CrI3, first-principles studies have revealed a rich phase diagram between interlayer ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) orders as the stacking configuration is continuously changed [12,38,39,40,41] This interesting stacking dependent interlayer magnetism has been confirmed experimentally in CrI3 [42,43], and demonstrated in CrBr3 [44], suggesting a way for designing magnetism via controlling stacking order. We show that, nonuniform magnetization textures can be formed in the moiré pattern of twisted bilayer 2D ferromagnet CrI3 and CrBr3 arising from the stacking dependent interlayer magnetic interaction.
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