Magnetization dynamics with a spin-transfer torque

Abstract

The magnetization reversal and dynamics of a spin valve pillar, whose lateral size is $64\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}64{\mathrm{nm}}^{2},$ are studied by using micromagnetic simulation in the presence of spin-transfer torque. Spin torques display both characteristics of magnetic damping (or antidamping) and of an effective magnetic field. For a steady-state current, both $M\ensuremath{-}I$ and $M\ensuremath{-}H$ hysteresis loops show unique features, including multiple jumps, unusual plateaus, and precessional states. These states originate from the competition between the energy dissipation due to Gilbert damping and the energy accumulation due to the spin torque supplied by the spin current. The magnetic energy oscillates as a function of time even for a steady-state current. For a pulsed current, the minimum width and amplitude of the spin torque for achieving current-driven magnetization reversal are quantitatively determined. The spin torque also shows very interesting thermal activation that is fundamentally different from an ordinary damping effect.