Magnetically-Induced Flexoelectric Effects in the Second-order Extension of a Composite Fiber with Piezomagnetic and Flexoelectric Layers

Abstract

In this paper, we studied a magnetically-induced axial flexoelectric polarization field in a second-order extension of a composite fiber with both piezomagnetic and flexoelectric dielectric component phases. Based on the macroscopic flexoelectric and piezomagnetic theories, a one-dimensional (1D) model was derived by a variational formulation based on Hamilton’s principle, in which one zero-order electric potential and three relevant deformation modes such as extension, thickness-stretch, and symmetric thickness-shear were considered. A cantilevered fiber under a static magnetic field was analytically solved, in which an axial electric polarization was induced by the curved cross section through flexoelectric coupling. The mechanical and electrical behaviors that occurred in response to the magnetic effects under different thickness ratios of the composite fiber were discussed. It was found that symmetric shear deformations and polarizations were significant at certain thickness ratios. Lastly, this paper provided a potential idea for designing flexoelectric devices when magnetic fields are involved.