Abstract
To detect the stress of steel structures and members using the existing magnetism, a magnetic stress sensing system integrating a magnetic flux induction coil, a magnetic flux measurement device, a loaded device, and data acquisition software was developed. The magnetic coupling test research was carried out for different grades of structural building and bridge steel specimens to establish the magnetic stress flux mathematical model, and the fitting equation of the magnetic flux changes with the positions of different sections of specimens was analyzed. Furthermore, a practical formula for stress detection was obtained through the experiments. Meanwhile, on these bases, the typical steel truss structure model of a Bailey beam was designed and manufactured under different working conditions, nondestructive online stress testing was carried out, and the stress of the model structure and its members was measured by strain and magnetic flux tests to obtain the curves of the test results for the stress–strain and magnetic stress flux, respectively. The results of these two methods are in good agreement with each other. The stress of the steel truss model structure was analyzed and calculated using the finite element method. The results agreed well with the experimental results from the magnetic stress sensing system—the maximum error was about 5%, which meets the requirements of engineering applications.
Highlights
Steel truss structures are some of the most common structural forms in buildings, bridges, and oil and gas pipelines, and are widely used in engineering practice
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the loading history information required in traditional stress damage detection of steel truss structures, this paper explores a magnetic sensing system and its application method of nondestructive online stress testing for common steel truss structures by using the magnetomechanical properties of ferromagnetic materials
The magnetic stress sensing system, which integrates a magnetic flux induction coil, a magnetic flux measurement device, a loaded device, and data acquisition software, can be used for nondestructive online testing of the stress of structural members; The existing magnetism of the structural bridge and building steels is affected by the chemical composition, grade, and diameter
Summary
Steel truss structures are some of the most common structural forms in buildings, bridges, and oil and gas pipelines, and are widely used in engineering practice. The stress detection theory based on magnetic coupling effect is a new magnetic nondestructive testing method that was developed in recent years. In the fields of magnetic properties and nondestructive testing, scholars have carried out some research on the theory of magnetic sensors and damage detection methods for steel bridges, building structures, and pipelines. In order to overcome the deficiencies of the loading history information required in traditional stress damage detection of steel truss structures, this paper explores a magnetic sensing system and its application method of nondestructive online stress testing for common steel truss structures by using the magnetomechanical properties of ferromagnetic materials. Model structure simulation test and numerical simulation analysis are carried out, and a magnetic stress sensing system and a more effective nondestructive online stress detection method are proposed. The magnetic stress flux model based on existing magnetism proposed in this paper can simplify the method of magnetic nondestructive stress detection, which will enrich the existing achievements of damage identification and magnetic nondestructive online stress detection theory
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