Magnetic skyrmions in FePt square-based nanoparticles around room-temperature

Abstract

Magnetic skyrmions formed at temperatures around room temperature in square-based parallelepiped magnetic FePt nanoparticles with perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) were studied during the magnetization reversal process using micromagnetic simulations. Finite differences method were used for the solution of the Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert equation. Magnetic configurations exhibiting Néel skyrmionic formations were detected. The magnetic skyrmions can be created in different systems by the variation of external field, side length and width of the squared-based parallelepiped magnetic nanoparticles. Micromagnetic configurations revealed a variety of states which include skyrmionic textures with one distinct skyrmion formed and stabilized for a range of external fields around room-temperature. The size of the nucleated Néel skyrmion is calculated as a function of the external field, temperature, MCA and nanoparticle’s geometrical characteristic lengths which can be adjusted to produce skyrmions on demand having diameters down to 12 nm. The micromagnetic simulations revealed that stable skyrmions in the temperature range of 270–330 K can be created for FePt magnetic nanoparticle systems lacking of chiral interactions such as Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya.