Magnetic resonance imaging of the forearm: cross-sectional anatomy in a cadaveric model.

Abstract

Compartmental anatomy of the forearm is complex and controversial. The purpose of this investigation was to demonstrate via magnetic resonance the anatomy of forearm compartments and their preferential ways of communication in a human cadaveric model. Twelve forearm spaces (11 muscles and one intermuscular) were injected with a solution containing gadopentetate dimeglumine. The extent and distribution of leakage were evaluated on axial fat-suppressed T1-weighted spin-echo images. The findings were related to known descriptions of compartmental anatomy of the forearm. Contrast leakage occurred mostly into the intermuscular space and into the muscles adjacent to the injected muscle. A frank communication within the classically described three forearm compartments (volar, radial, and dorsal) was not present. The interosseous membrane was not an absolute barrier between flexor and extensor compartments. The classic description of three forearm compartments may not be sufficient to explain distribution of soft tissue abnormalities.