Abstract
Objectives:Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurologic disorders in childhood and it affects 0.5-1% of children. The purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence and types of structural abnormalities in the epileptic children.Methods:The study was performed in Near East University and Dr. Suat Gunsel University in North Cyprus. It was conducted at pediatric neurology outpatient clinic of the hospital. The records of 1 to 18 years old epileptic children in whom Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) performed within 6 months after diagnosis were enrolled to the study between the dates of October 2011 and June 2017.Results:Among 220 children; 131 (59.55%) had no abnormality and 89 (45.45%) had at least one abnormality in the MRI. Most commonly documented lesions were generally encephalomalacia, hydrocephaly and brain atrophy with a percent of 5.90 (13 cases), 5.45 (12 cases) and 4.55 (10 cases) respectively. Sixty nine (31.06%) of the patients had one abnormality whereas 20 (9.09%) had two or more lesion.Conclusion:Abnormality in MRI examination in newly diagnosed epileptic children was high. These high rates may be due to enrollment of children with new emerging epilepsy on a chronical neurologic disorder. Additionally 20 (9.09%) of patients had a concomitant lesion. Secondary lesions were detected in cases with corpus callosum abnormality, atrophy, encephalomalacia and hydrocephaly. Primarily formed lesions are unknown; further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Highlights
Epilepsy is one of the most frequently seen neurologic disorders within childhood
With the increase of availability of high quality Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI); lesions that are not detected in Computed Tomography such as heterotopias and mesial temporal sclerosis that are both associated with childhood onset seizures can be visualised.[5,6,7,8]
A total of 220 children with the diagnosis of epilepsy underwent MRI examination within six months of diagnosis; of whom 131 (59.55%) had no abnormality detected by the MRI
Summary
Epilepsy is one of the most frequently seen neurologic disorders within childhood. Epilepsy affects 50 million people around the world and half of them start in childhood period.[1,2,3]. King et al reported abnormal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings when all seizures evaluated as 35 in 263 patients (13.3%).[4] With the increase of availability of high quality MRI; lesions that are not detected in Computed Tomography such as heterotopias and mesial temporal sclerosis that are both associated with childhood onset seizures can be visualised.[5,6,7,8] Superiority of MRI to CT is especially in temporal lobes because; inferior temporal lobes may be inapperent cause of beam hardening artefacts on CT.[9] high quality
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