Abstract

Congenital heart disease (CHD) occurs in approximately 8 of every 1000 live births, half of whom require surgical or other forms of treatment. Complex CHD has no precise acceptable definition. For the purposes of this chapter, we define complex CHD to include conotruncal anomalies and single-ventricle heart disease. Conotruncal anomalies refer to a group of congenital heart defects involving the outflow tracts of the heart and the great vessels. Single-ventricle heart disease refers to a heterogeneous group of anomalies in which one of the two ventricular sinuses is absent (anatomical single ventricle) or to hearts with complex anatomy in which biventricular physiology cannot be attained (functional single ventricle).

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