Abstract
ABSTRACT The aim of this report was to describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pathological features of a canine mixed glioma. A 12-year-old boxer male dog was presented for necropsy along with data from an MRI evaluation conducted ante-mortem. The images were examined and showed a poorly demarcated prosencephalic lesion, hyperintense on T2W images, hypointense on T1W images and heterogeneously hyperintense on T2W FLAIR images. There was mild nonuniform contrast enhancement, apparent midline shift, moderate perilesional edema and marked distortion of the adjacent lateral ventricle. The brain was evaluated macroscopically, microscopically and immunohistochemically. Grossly, there was a poorly demarcated soft mass, with areas of hemorrhage, within the left parietal and temporal lobes. Histologically, there was a densely cellular mass composed of two geographically distinct populations of neoplastic cells. The first population was composed of small and round cells organized in a honeycomb pattern. The second population constituted of intermingled streams and bundles of neoplastic cells that were strongly immunolabeled for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The diagnosis of a mixed glioma was based on MRI findings, and mainly on histological and immunohistochemical findings.
Highlights
Gliomas are a type of neoplasm that arises from glial cells in the brain or spinal cord and includes oligodendrogliomas, astrocytomas and mixed gliomas (Bentley et al, 2016)
The diagnosis of a mixed glioma in the dog from the present report was based on Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and mainly on histological and immunohistochemical findings
The neoplasm was composed by an oligodendroglial population, which was characteristically organized in a honeycomb pattern and by an astrocytic component immunolabeled for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)
Summary
Gliomas are a type of neoplasm that arises from glial cells in the brain or spinal cord and includes oligodendrogliomas, astrocytomas and mixed gliomas (Bentley et al, 2016). Several studies have reported MRI findings in dogs with astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas (Bentley et al, 2016; Bentley, 2015; Bentley et al, 2013; Wisner et al, 2011; Young et al, 2011), there are, to the authors' knowledge, only two descriptions of imaging findings of histologically confirmed canine mixed gliomas in the literature: one comprised multi-focal lesions in a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel puppy — an atypical presentation (Walmsley et al, 2009), and the other was a focal lesion superficially located, which gave it an appearance of an extra-axial lesion (Ródenas et al, 2011).
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