Abstract
Magnetic refrigeration is a fascinating superior choice technology as compared with traditional refrigeration that relies on a unique property of particular materials, known as the magnetocaloric effect (MCE). This paper provides a thorough understanding of different magnetic refrigeration technologies using a variety of models to evaluate the coefficient of performance (COP) and specific cooling capacity outputs. Accordingly, magnetic refrigeration models are divided into four categories: rotating, reciprocating, C-shaped magnetic refrigeration, and active magnetic regenerator. The working principles of these models were described, and their outputs were extracted and compared. Furthermore, the influence of the magnetocaloric effect, the magnetization area, and the thermodynamic processes and cycles on the efficiency of magnetic refrigeration was investigated and discussed to achieve a maximum cooling capacity. The classes of magnetocaloric magnetic materials were summarized from previous studies and their potential magnetic characteristics are emphasized. The essential characteristics of magnetic refrigeration systems are highlighted to determine the significant advantages, difficulties, drawbacks, and feasibility analyses of these systems. Moreover, a cost analysis was provided in order to judge the feasibility of these systems for commercial use.
Highlights
Some magnetic materials exhibit either an increase or drop in their temperatures when they are exposed to a certain magnetic field
To achieve a greater temperature span, the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) should be magnified by handling the magnetic field strength (B), magnetic entropy transition (∆Sm ), bulk magnetization, variation of the magnetic field (∆B), the Curie temperature (TC) of a magnetic material, the magnetic phase transition properties, and crystallographic transformation [4]
The magnitude of the MCE of the magnetic material is critical for cooling power, whether at room temperature or even lower
Summary
Some magnetic materials exhibit either an increase or drop in their temperatures when they are exposed to a certain magnetic field This phenomenon is referred to as the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) or adiabatic temperature change [1]. The magnetocaloric material is strongly limited by the temperature span in which the specific entropy density changes in response to the magnetic field [3]. The magnitude of the MCE of the magnetic material is critical for cooling power, whether at room temperature or even lower. There are several difficulties and challenges, which limit the use of magnetic refrigeration in some applications [10,21] Among these challenges: (i) there is a need for a magnetic material that possesses large MCE; (ii) a strong magnetic field is required, and (iii) excellent regeneration and heat transfer behaviors are essential. Freezers, natural gas liquefaction, chip cooling, and cooling of electronic devices
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