Abstract
Dye pollution in wastewater is a severe environmental problem because treating water containing dyes using conventional physical, chemical, and biological treatments is difficult. A conventional process is used to adsorb dyes and filter wastewater. Magnetic filtration is an emerging technology. In this study, magnetic Pycnoporus sanguineus-loaded alginate composite beads were employed to remove a dye solution. A white rot fungus, P. sanguineus, immobilized in alginate beads were used as a biosorbent to remove the dye solution. An alginate polymer could protect P. sanguineus in acidic environments. Superparamagnetic nanomaterials, iron oxide nanoparticles, were combined with alginate gels to form magnetic alginate composites. The magnetic guidability of alginate composites and biocompatibility of iron oxide nanoparticles facilitated the magnetic filtration and separation processes. The fungus cells were immobilized in loaded alginate composites to study the influence of the initial dye concentration and pH on the biosorption capacity. The composite beads could be removed easily post-adsorption by using a magnetic filtration process. When the amount of composite beads was varied, the results of kinetic studies of malachite green adsorption by immobilized cells of P. sanguineus fitted well with the pseudo-second-order model. The results indicated that the magnetic composite beads effectively adsorbed the dye solution from wastewater and were environmentally friendly.
Highlights
Water pollution caused by the discharge of industrial wastewater that contains dyes and heavy metal effluents has become a critical environmental problem [1,2]
The results indicated that the relative standard deviation of composite beads shown in Figure 2d was >10%, and the beads were elliptical in shape
We attribute the elliptical shape to the lower concentration of the Na-alginate solution (0.9 wt %) used in the P. sanguineus-loaded alginate beads with magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles relative to that used in the alginate beads (2 wt %)
Summary
Water pollution caused by the discharge of industrial wastewater that contains dyes and heavy metal effluents has become a critical environmental problem [1,2]. Several dye removal processes, including coagulation, flocculation, biodegradation, adsorption on activated carbon, membrane separation, ion exchange, oxidation, advance oxidation, and selective bioadsorption, have been developed. Using magnetic beads in filtration and separation is an emerging method for treating wastewater [15,16]. Adsorption using fungus is an alternative method for treating wastewater [18,19,20,21,22,23,24]. P. sanguineus, magnetic beads, and pH-sensitive alginate polymers to treat wastewater. Magnetic P. sanguineus-loaded alginate composite beads were used as adsorbents to treat an aqueous solution containing malachite green (Figure 1). In addition to adsorption capacity, batch kinetics, the effect of contact time, the effect of the initial malachite green concentration, and magnetic separation were investigated
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
