Abstract
The magnetization of small nickel oxide clusters containing less than four nickel atoms (sample A) and about ten atoms (sample B), respectively, formed inside the supercages ofY-zeolite, was studied in the magnetic field below 50 kOe and in the temperature range of 2 to 600 K. The magnetic susceptibility of sample A obeyed a Curie-Weiss' (C-W) law above about 20 K with a C-W temperature of 12 K. A saturation behavior was observed in the magnetization versus field (M-H) curve below about 20 K. A hysteresis in the M-H curve and a remanent magnetization were found below about 7 K. A similar behavior was observed for sample B. The observed positive C-W temperature indicates a ferromagnetic interaction between nickel ions in each cluster, which is semiquantitatively consistent with nearest neighbor ferromagnetic interactions previously reported for antiferromagnetic NiO single crystals. The hysteresis suggests an enhanced magnetic anisotropy energy in the present clusters.
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